Evaluating the Impacts of Hydrogen Energy Storage on Enhancing Power System Flexibility Under Climate Change Conditions

Renewable energy capacities in power systems are growing rapidly in recent years. However, the increasing intensity of climate change is altering meteorological factors, affecting renewable energy supply characteristics. Hydrogen energy storage emerges as a solution for long-duration storage, which can offer potentials in enhancing flexibility for power systems. This paper firstly introduces a long short-term memory (LSTM) model designed to predict renewable energy outputs under variable meteorological conditions within projected climate scenarios. Then, a supply-demand balance optimization model considering hydrogen energy storage in power systems is proposed to simulate the annual supply-demand balance. A case study under the SSP5-3.4OS climate scenario in a provincial-level power system in China demonstrates the role of hydrogen energy storage in enhancing renewable energy integration and ensuring power supply.