Research on Coupling Model and Efficiency Optimization Method of Transmedia Wireless Power Supply System

Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) is a non-contact energy transfer technology used in buoy-based systems to power underwater sensors and unmanned equipment, enhancing their operation time and efficiency. However, current research on magnetic induction-based wireless energy transfer mainly focuses on single media, making it difficult to adapt to complex underwater environments. This paper examines the characteristics of air and seawater as transmission media, analyzes eddy current loss and mutual inductance using Maxwell equations, and establishes a circuit model for the coupled transmission mechanism. It explores factors affecting transmission efficiency and optimizes it through theoretical calculations and simulations. By adjusting coil structure and transmission medium thickness, the study shows that transmission efficiency improves with changes in coil turn spacing and the number of turns.