Enhancing Mushroom Cultivation Through IoT-Based Monitoring of Evaporative Cooling and Ventilation Systems

Maintaining an optimal microclimate is essential for maximizing mushroom yield and quality. This study evaluates an IoT-based evaporative cooling and ventilation system designed to precisely regulate temperature and humidity in a mushroom house. The system comprises cooling pads, water circulation, and exhaust ventilation, all monitored through IoT sensors. Three operational scenarios were analyzed: (1) no system activation, (2) cooling system active without ventilation, and (3) both cooling and ventilation active. Experimental results demonstrate that the combined system effectively maintained temperature fluctuations within <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\pm \mathbf{2 - 3}{}^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$</tex> and humidity within the optimal <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\mathbf{7 0 - 8 0 \% ~ R H}$</tex> range. These findings highlight the system's ability to significantly improve thermal stability and humidity regulation, minimizing heat stress and creating a favorable growing environment for mushrooms. This study provides a foundational analysis for optimizing microclimate control in sustainable mushroom farming, with future work focusing on quantifying its impact on yield, cost-effectiveness, and energy efficiency.