Design and Analysis of HARQ-Based Network Coding for Secure Optical Satellite Systems

This paper investigates the reliability and security challenges in free space optics (FSO)-based low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite systems. We propose hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ)-based network coding (NC) schemes to enhance the security and reliability of FSO-based LEO satellite-assisted Internet of Vehicles (IoV). The approach, HARQ-NC with burst transmission, is introduced. Performance metrics, including frame leakage and frame loss probabilities, and throughput, are analyzed. Numerical results demonstrate the superiority of our proposed schemes over existing solutions. Additionally, we validate our proposals through a case study involving Starlink LEO satellites and moving vehicles.