Power Management on Optimizing Air Conditioning Control Based on IoT System Integrated

The installation of heat, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems is a major factor impacting energy consumption in public and private facilities such as classrooms, halls, rooms and mosques which suffer from manually operated controls. Inefficiencies such as forgetting to turn off units or their operation during non-demand periods, like naturally colder seasons, plague these facilities, resulting in elevated power costs. An energy management system configured within the IoT framework alongside an ESP32 microcontroller offers a solution. The technology automates the operation of HVAC units based on the unique prerequisites of specific environmental parameters. Specifically, units are programmed to turn on at pre-set intervals, like alleviating HVAC at a set ambient temperature of 25 Celsius, humidity levels of less than 15 percent, and beyond defined periods. Such functionality guarantees that units only operate when absolutely necessary, thus enhancing energy efficiency. To achieve the desired results, a comparative study system was paired with traditionally used, non-automated control HVAC units. Results demonstrated significant energy consumption reductions, with the conventional system using 179.534 kWh and the IoT-controlled system consuming only 49.77 kWh. Cumulatively, this translates to 129.767 kWh or an average of 4.15 kWh savings daily with a mean optimization efficiency of 72.28%. Human error is eliminated along with reduced labor costs, thus bolstering efficiency with cost efficient solutions. However, disadvantages of reliance on Wi-Fi connectivity and initial installation difficulty were discovered, although these may be avoided by proper planning and maintenance.