Integrating traditional agricultural knowledge with modern technology for climate resilience and sustainable livelihoods: A comprehensive research

Agriculture remains the backbone of India's rural economy, yet it is increasingly vulnerable to the adverse impacts of climate change, including erratic rainfall, prolonged droughts, and extreme weather events.In this context, this research explores the integration of traditional agricultural knowledge with modern technological innovations to enhance climate resilience and ensure sustainable livelihoods, with a specific focus on Tamil Nadu a state known for its diverse agro-climatic zones ranging from coastal plains to hilly terrains.The study investigates the effectiveness of traditional practices such as rainwater harvesting, crop rotation, organic fertilisation, and intercropping, and examines their synergy with modern advancements including precision farming, Early Warning Systems (EWS), and mobile-based advisory services.Using a mixed-methods approach, data were collected through field surveys, interviews, and focus group discussions with farmers across different regions of Tamil Nadu.The research employs SWOT analysis, descriptive statistics, and thematic coding to interpret the data.Findings reveal that while traditional methods offer ecological sustainability and adaptability to local conditions, modern technologies contribute to efficiency, productivity, and informed decision-making.Farmers who adopted a hybrid model integrating both traditional and modern approaches reported improved crop yields, reduced input costs, and greater resilience to climate-induced stress.However, the study also identifies barriers such as limited access to technology, inadequate training, and fragmented policy support as challenges to widespread adoption.This research highlights the need for localised, inclusive, and policy-backed frameworks to promote integrated agricultural practices.By developing a region-specific hybrid model and recommending strategies for capacity building, the study provides valuable insights for policymakers, agricultural institutions, and rural communities.