PHYSICOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS, PHYTOCHEMICAL & ANTIOXIDANT CHARACTERIZATION OF CASCABELA THEVETIA L. IN CONTAMINATED SOIL AND GARDEN SOIL

The poisonous plant Cascabela thevetia L., also known as Thevetia peruviana, is native to Mexico and Central America and is commonly grown as an ornamental plant. Around the world, T. peruviana frequently causes toxicological emergencies in tropical and subtropical regions use its huge seed, which resembles a "Chinese lucky nut," is encased in a deep red-black fruit. In India, its ability to withstand drought and high temperatures, it can be found in many Indian states with semi-arid climates, including Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Delhi, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Telangana, West Bengal, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, Odisha, and Assam. In India, its bright yellow blossoms are worshipped by Hindu followers for religious purposes. The aim of the present study was to determine the total phenol, tannin and flavonoid content in leaf, stem parts of Cascabela thevetia L. in methanol and distilled water extract by spectrophotometric method. Saponin, tannin, flavonoid, cardiac glycoside alkaloid and phenolic chemicals were detected by phytochemical analysis, using standard gallic acid, tannic acid and Quercetin as the marker point’s, the total phenol, flavonoid, tannin and alkaloid content of the plant in various extracts was determined. The high concentration of phenol was found in methanolic stem extract collected from Fresh garden site, and Pirana dump site was (4.79±0.485) mg/GAE and (4.73±0.468) mg/GAE sample. The presence of such metabolites indicates therapeutic importance of plant. The anti-oxidant assay such as DPPH determines the reducing agent which is present in plant. The conservation and appropriate use of soil and water are two essential resources and life-sustaining elements for plant growth. Numerous physiochemical characteristics, such as pH, TDS test, Dissolved oxygen test, total hardness and calcium hardness of soil and water, affect how well plants absorb it.