Reflection of Trade and Economic Relations during the Mongol Rule in Pre-Revolutionary Russian Historiography

This article examines how interpretations of trade and economic relations during the Mongol period evolved in pre-revolutionary Russian historiography.The authors seek to: determine the methodological frameworks and ideological premises of XIXth -early XXth century scholars; reconstruct the composition and structure of their source base; and trace the interpretive dynamics of key topics such as merchant diasporas, monetary circulation, and yarlyks (decrees).The study employs a comparative-historiographical approach, which reveals the specific methodological perspectives and ideological stances of various authors, alongside textual and historical-comparative analyses.The source base is characterized by the use of monographs and publications by pre-revolutionary authors (Nadezhdin, Keppen, Murzakevich, Kovalevsky, Fren, Grigoriev, and others).The authors highlight the significance of numismatic sources and yarlyks as tools for reconstructing trade routes and the economic policies of Mongol khans.A key feature of this study is its integrative use of textual, archaeological, and numismatic data to systematically reveal research focal points and hidden interdisciplinary links between scholars.The article concludes by emphasizing the need to reassess the methodological contributions of pre-revolutionary historiography through the lens of contemporary scholarly approaches and digital technologies.This reevaluation can help integrate the heuristic potential of early publications into current interdisciplinary research projects.