Concept for electric power generation for an ion thruster using laser initiated hydrogen–boron nuclear reaction

Continuous operation of X-3 ion thrusters, with a thrust of 5.4 N and a power output of 100 kW, can significantly reduce the flight time to Mars. However, conventional power sources based on solar panels have several limitations. This paper explores a concept for generating electric power to drive ion propulsion systems via laser-initiated hydrogen–boron nuclear fusion, which proceeds without neutron emission. The feasibility of initiating the hydrogen–boron reaction using a compact, commercial femtosecond fiber laser is substantiated. The paper outlines the conditions under which the hydrogen–boron reaction can be efficiently achieved with a single laser-powered energy source rated at approximately 100 kW. The use of multiple laser-based energy sources of this kind would enable the simultaneous operation of several ion thrusters.