Deployment Strategy of UAV Aerial Base Stations Based on Three-Dimensional Coverage Optimization

With the rapid advancement of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technologies in communication, logistics, and surveillance, UAV aerial base stations (UAV-BSs) are emerging as critical nodes in future wireless communication and air-ground-space integrated networks. To overcome the limitations of traditional 2D and quasi-3D deployment strategies in terms of coverage, interference management, and resource utilization, this paper proposes a novel 3D deployment optimization model. The proposed model enables flexible UAV-BS positioning in three dimensions (longitude, latitude, and altitude), accompanied by tailored optimization algorithms and simulation schemes for complex airspace environments. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed approach significantly improves user coverage, resource utilization efficiency, and deployment cost-effectiveness compared to existing methods. These findings provide theoretical guidance for the efficient deployment of UAV-BSs and underscore their potential in next-generation wireless communication systems.