Design of Metasurface for Optimizing Communication in Transformer Areas of Low-Voltage Distribution Networks

This paper presents a low-power passive metasurface solution to overcome communication bottlenecks in low-voltage distribution network transformer areas. Traditional hybrid power line carrier (PLC)/wireless systeMetasurface face critical limitations: PLC performance degradation caused by distributed energy resource interference and adverse channel impedance, coupled with wireless communication constraints from narrow bandwidth, short-range transmission, and obstacle vulnerability. Our proposed metasurface architecture integrates geometrically optimized phase-tunable unit cells achieving full 360o phase control, enabling precise electromagnetic wave manipulation. An eight-subarray configuration with phase gradient design provides adaptive beam steering and energy focusing, while a passive relay mechanism extends communication range by intelligent path reconfiguration and signal power amplification. The solution effectively addresses challenges posed by massive integration of photovoltaics, charging piles, and energy storage units, significantly enhancing smart grid operational efficiency. This work establishes a costeffective, scalable framework for optimizing communication in next-generation power distribution systeMetasurface.