Research on Flexible Scheduling Mechanism Based on User Side Load Aggregation in Networked Virtual Power Plants-Taking the Intelligent Transformation of Air Conditioning Load as an Example

Grid-forming Virtual Power Plants (GF-VPPs) enhance distribution network flexibility by aggregating user-side loads. This paper proposes a cloud - edge - terminal scheduling mechanism for air conditioning loads, integrating global optimization, real-time control, and data-driven execution. It enables rapid response to dispatch signals while preserving user comfort. Simulations show a 40 % latency reduction, 70 % higher participation, and 35 % better frequency stability. A field pilot validates its effectiveness and acceptance. This scalable framework supports flexible load scheduling and strengthens source - load coordination in emerging power systems.