AN EVALUATION OF WATER SECURITY IN COASTAL URBAN AREAS: A COMPREHENSIVE CASE STUDY OF BHUBANESWAR, ODISHA

Water security is a crucial concern in coastal regions, mostly in the context of climate change and rapid urbanization. This study focuses on assessing water security in Bhubaneswar, a rapidly growing city in the coastal state of Odisha, India. By developing a comprehensive Water Security Index (WSI), this research aims to provide a nuanced understanding of the challenges and opportunities related to water resource management in Bhubaneswar. The study uses a mixed-method approach, integrating quantitative data, with qualitative insights from stakeholder interviews. Key indicators such as “water availability, quality, accessibility, and sustainability” are analyzed to construct the WSI. This index offers a multidimensional perspective, capturing the complex interplay between natural and human systems influencing water security in the region. Findings show significant variability in water security across different parts of Bhubaneswar, induced by factors such as “infrastructure development, population density, and local governance practices”.While areas with stronger administration and infrastructure show more degrees of water security, areas with poor infrastructure and high population density face severe water shortage and quality problems. The study highlights the importance of adaptive management strategies that incorporate community participation, technological innovation, and policy integration to enhance water security in coastal urban settings. Recommendations include the implementation of decentralized water management systems, investment in water purification and distribution infrastructure, and the promotion of sustainable water use practices among residents. This research contributes to the broader discourse on urban water security by providing a replicable framework for assessing water-related challenges in other coastal cities.