Analysis of the Impact of Heavy Metal Exposure on Community Health Risk Perception in Traditional Mining Areas

Heavy metal exposure in traditional mining areas poses significant long-term public health risks. Uncontrolled mining and lack of environmental oversight increase mercury, lead, arsenic, and cadmium contamination, potentially causing neurological, cardiovascular, and cancer disorders. This quantitative-descriptive study surveyed 150 residents in three traditional mining areas using structured questionnaires, supported by laboratory analysis of water and soil heavy metal levels. Multiple linear regression was applied to identify determinants of health risk perception. Mercury and lead levels exceeded safety thresholds and were positively associated with higher perceived health risks. Perceptions were also shaped by education, information access, and personal health experiences. Risk perception is influenced by both environmental exposure and sociodemographic factors. Combining toxicology and risk communication is crucial for community-based environmental health resilience.