Xnlbd: a New Python Package for the Analysis of Non-linear Beam Dynamics Phenomena

Abstract Non-linear effects in particle accelerators have historically been treated as harmful influences that necessitate various mitigation schemes. Therefore, the simulation tools available are largely focused on identifying and correcting resonances. However, recent advances proved that non-linear beam dynamics enables new techniques for manipulating particle beams and can characterise diffusion and chaos in particle accelerators. The simulation tools currently available for these purposes are difficult to integrate across different frameworks. This paper presents Xnlbd, a new Python package extending the Xsuite simulation framework, which aims to provide a unified set of tools for analysing non-linear beam dynamics phenomena. It allows the visualisation of highly non-linear phase spaces, the efficient finding of both stable and unstable fixed points and separatrices, the calculation of resonance driving terms and normal forms, and the computation of dynamic indicators for the detection of chaotic motion.