Research on efficient picking mechanism of air-suction jujube harvester based on magnetohydrodynamic flow control

Abstract To enhance the efficiency of air-suction jujube picking, this study combines the theory of magnetic fluid flow control with numerical simulation of multi-physics field coupling and discrete element method simulation analysis to investigate the efficient picking mechanism of air-suction jujube, aiming to optimize the flow field distribution and increase the efficiency of picking fallen jujubes. Based on the aforementioned research background, this study introduces the theory of magnetic fluid flow control and discrete element method into the process of air-suction jujube harvesting. First, based on the theory of magnetic fluid flow control, an experimental device was designed according to requirements. Subsequently, a three-factor four-level orthogonal experiment was constructed, an air-suction jujube discrete element simulation model was established, and simulation experiments were conducted to obtain flow field and jujube discrete element simulation parameters. Finally, an experimental device was set up to conduct multi-physics field coupling experiments and air-suction jujube picking experiments to validate the simulation results. Additionally, a three-factor variance analysis was performed to obtain the optimal harvesting parameters, verifying the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method. The research results indicate that the optimal harvesting parameters are 50 Hz for frequency, 85 kV for potential, and 0.2 T for magnetic induction intensity, with a measured harvesting efficiency of 308.735 kg/h, representing a 36.83% improvement compared to the control group. The findings of this study have a positive guiding significance for improving the efficiency of air-suction jujube picking.