Anti-Obesity, Lipid-Lowering, and Anti-Hyperglycemic Effects of CB-02 in High-Fat-Diet-Induced Obese Mice

Obesity, along with dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia, is a metabolic disorder growing in prevalence that is linked to chronic diseases such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes. This study evaluated the anti-obesity, lipid-lowering, and anti-hyperglycemic effects of CB-02 capsules containing dry extracts of <i>Phyllanthus emblica</i> L., <i>Dendrobium catenatum</i> Lindl., and <i>Gynostemma pentaphyllum</i> in HFD-induced obese Swiss albino mice. After 12 weeks of HFD induction, mice were treated orally with CB-02 (576 or 1152 mg/kg/day) for 8 weeks. CB-02 significantly reduced BW gain, AC, the Lee obesity index, and the relative weights of visceral fat and major organs. It also improved lipid profiles by decreasing TC, TG, LDL-C, and non-HDL-C, while increasing HDL-C. These effects were comparable to orlistat (60 mg/kg/day). Furthermore, CB-02 lowered fasting glucose and improved insulin sensitivity, as indicated by an increased QUICKI and HOMA-β and reduced HOMA-IR. Histopathological evaluation showed that CB-02 reduced hepatic steatosis and inflammatory cell infiltration and also attenuated β-cell morphological alterations and pancreatic histopathological damage. These results suggest that CB-02 may be a promising therapeutic candidate for managing obesity and its comorbidities, including dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and hepatic steatosis, contributing to the prevention of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases in obese individuals.