Plant-derived nanomaterials in cancer therapy: Advances from green synthesis to application of PANoptosis-mediated tumor suppression

Plant-derived nanomaterials (PDNMs) have garnered significant attention recently due to their unique properties, such as excellent bioactive components, which facilitate improved drug delivery, controlled release, reduced immunogenicity, and enhanced treatment efficacy. Green synthesis of nanomaterials, a key branch of nanotechnology, holds great promise for various biomedical applications, including diagnostics, immunotherapy, regenerative medicine, and biosensing platforms. However, comprehensive reviews addressing the exceptional biocompatibility and safety profile of PDNMs, along with their role in PANoptosis-mediated tumor suppression, are scarce. This review aims to thoroughly analyze the current state of research on green-synthesized nanomaterials as a viable avenue for drug delivery, emphasizing the integration of natural resources and nanotechnology—a cutting-edge strategy in therapeutic approaches. This study fills a critical gap in the literature by elucidating the overlooked function of PDNMs in modulating PANoptosis-related inflammatory cell death and their synergistic potential in cancer nanotherapy.