Integrated Digital Twin and BIM Approach to Minimize Environmental Loads for In-Situ Production and Yard-Stock Management of Precast Concrete Components

Digital twin (DT) technology, integrated with building information modeling (BIM), enables real-time feedback and predictive analytics in construction. This study presents a BIM-enabled DT framework to optimize in situ production and yard-stock management of precast concrete (PC) components with a focus on minimizing CO2 emissions. Using Oracle Crystal Ball, scenario-based simulations revealed up to an 8.9% reduction in environmental impact. Distinct from prior research that largely emphasized cost or off-site strategies, this study uniquely addresses on-site sustainability by embedding carbon metrics into the decision-making process. The framework was validated through a large-scale logistics warehouse project that showcased its practical utility. This research contributes a replicable method for enhancing sustainability in precast construction through digital technologies.