The role of TRP channels in migraine

Objective. To analyze modern data on TRP channel neurobiology, their role in migraine pathogenesis and potential therapeutic significance. Material and methods. We reviewed the PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases (2004 — March 2025) and focused on TRPM8, TRPV1, and TRPA1 polymorphisms. Results. TRP channels are important in fundamental mechanisms of nociception, neurogenic inflammation and chronic pain in migraine through regulation of synthesis and release of CGRP, as well as participating in pain and temperature allodynia. There is a significant association between TRP channel polymorphisms (especially rs10166942 in TRPM8 and rs222741 in TRPV1) and the risk of migraine. Some authors established a correlation of certain genetic variants in the TRP channel genes with clinical characteristics of disease and effectiveness of migraine therapy. Conclusion. Polymorphisms in TRP channel genes are important in pathogenesis of migraine and can be considered as potential prognostic factors for assessing the course of disease and choosing the optimal therapy. Further research is needed to develop personalized treatment approaches.