Exogenous insulin-associated autoimmunity and the emergence of double diabetes in type 2 diabetes
These findings suggest that patients in the T2D→T1D group exhibit a stronger autoimmune genetic predisposition, characterized by an enrichment of high-risk HLA class II alleles. In contrast, individuals with stable T2D demonstrate greater HLA diversity and lack definitive autoimmune-associated markers.
Authors
- Fan Ping (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7650-6612)
- Mengya Qi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4820-0485)
- Xiang Li (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0016-6233)
- Xingang Li (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0878-0211)
Institutions
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CN)
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital (CN)
- Beijing Ditan Hospital (CN)
Publication Details
- Journal
- World Journal of Diabetes
- Published
- 2025-09-10
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.4239/wjd.v16.i9.109130
- Primary Topic
- Diabetes and associated disorders
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00