POWER FACTOR CORRECTION IN ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS

Power factor is a key parameter in the efficient operation of electrical circuits, especially in industrial and commercial power systems. A low power factor leads to increased losses, higher electricity bills, and overloading of electrical infrastructure. This paper investigates various methods of power factor correction (PFC), with emphasis on passive and active techniques. It explores the principles behind power factor, causes of poor power factor in typical circuits, and techniques used to correct it. Case studies and simulations are provided to evaluate the performance of capacitor banks and active filters in mitigating reactive power. The results demonstrate that implementing appropriate PFC methods can lead to significant energy savings, enhanced equipment lifespan, and reduced environmental impact. Finally, the paper offers recommendations for the optimal design and deployment of power factor correction systems in modern power networks.