Control of Genetic Purity of Parental Lines of Sunflower by Allelic Variants of Electrophoretic Spectra of Seed Storage Proteins

The efficiency of sunflower hybrid breeding is determined by the genetic purity of the parent lines. Traditionally, plant selection in the process of seed production of the obtained lines is performed by morphological traits. This does not always ensure high typicality of the lines. Evaluation of plants of sunflower lines only by morphological traits is not always effective, and in some cases leads to a decrease in the typicality level of both lines and hybrid combinations. The studies have established and identified allelic variants of electrophoretic spectra of seed storage proteins. Simultaneous evaluation and selection of plants by electrophoretic spectra of storage proteins and by morphological traits of plants ensured an increase and preservation of the genetic homogeneity of the maternal line GE 106. The using of allelic variants of electrophoretic spectra of proteins in plant selection ensured the genetic purity of the sterile analog CYT<SUP>S</SUP>rfrf (genotype has sterile cytoplasm, genes for restoration of polly fertility in homozygous recessive state) of the line at the level of 98.7%, the fertile analog CYT<SUP>N</SUP>rfrf of the line at the level of 98.6% (method of soil control). With this selection method, the analysis of plants by allelic variants of protein spectra increased the indicators of genetic purity of the maternal line components. The level of genetic purity of the sterile and fertile analogue, determined by allelic variants of the protein spectra of seeds, in the sterile analog CYT<SUP>S</SUP>rfrf and the fixer of sterility CYT<SUP>N</SUP>rfrf of the line was 99.6% and 99.8%. Establishing typicality by protein spectra in some cases helps to increase the indicators of genetic purity of lines, since it does not allow identifying atypical plants by height.