Micro Public Spaces Usage by Foreign Domestic Workers in Hong Kong: Reflection based on the perspective of spatial justice

This study examines the use of micro public spaces by foreign domestic workers (FDWs) in Hong Kong through the lens of spatial justice. Focusing on a detailed case study in Sham Shui Po, where FDWs' presence in public spaces has often been overlooked, the study introduces time and social relations as key dimensions, building on traditional spatial justice frameworks. A new evaluation framework is proposed, consisting of six dimensions: time, inclusivity, vitality and social interaction, openness and accessibility, management, and ownership and participation. Using a mixedmethods approach with field research, surveys, and interviews, the study investigates FDWs' use of public spaces across different times. Findings highlight tensions between passive participation and active expression, revealing disparities in spatial resource allocation and participation rights. While social interaction and inclusivity increase during holidays, these effects are temporary and self-organized by FDWs. The study identifies gaps in urban planning, such as FDWs' exclusion from decision-making processes and rigid management rules that hinder equitable space use. It advocates for more inclusive, culturally sensitive, and participatory urban governance to promote fairer distribution of public space resources and enhance social integration.