Socio-Demographic, Clinical Profile and Outcomes of Acute Poisoning at a Tertiary Care Hospital

Background: Acute poisoning is a significant global health problem, with varying patterns across different regions due to socioeconomic, cultural, and geographical factors.This study aimed to analyse the socio-demographic characteristics, clinical profile, and outcomes of acute poisoning cases presenting to the Emergency Medicine Department of a tertiary care teaching hospital, to improve management strategies and inform preventive measures.Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted over 6 months.All patients presenting with acute poisoning were included, resulting in a sample size of 50.Data on socio-demographic factors, poison type, clinical manifestations, treatment modalities, and outcomes were collected using a structured proforma.Descriptive statistics and Fisher's exact test were used for data analysis due to the small sample size.Results: Among the 50 patients studied, the mean age was 30.213.5 years, with a slight male predominance (56%).Organophosphorus compounds were the most common poison (32%), followed by prescription drugs (24%) and household chemicals (22%).Intentional self-poisoning accounted for 70% of cases, with relationship conflicts (38%) and financial stress (28%) being the primary motivators.The most frequent clinical manifestations were nausea/vomiting (68%), altered consciousness (42%), and respiratory distress (28%).Gastric lavage was performed in 58% of cases, while 20% required mechanical ventilation. Conclusion:This pilot study provides initial insights into the burden of acute poisoning in the region.Despite the limited sample size, it suggests the need for targeted preventive strategies, improved access to mental health services, and enhanced emergency care protocols.