Study of the Association of Tumour Necrosis Factor-α with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

Background: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a progressive respiratory illness characterized by systemic inflammation and limited airflow.Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-), a key pro-inflammatory cytokine, is believed to play a significant role in its pathogenesis.This study aimed to evaluate the association between serum TNF- levels and COPD severity, classified according to the GOLD staging system.Methods: The prospective observational study was conducted for a year at the Raipur Institute of Medical Sciences in Raipur.300 clinically stable COPD aged 40 years were included using spirometric criteria (post-bronchodilator FEV/FVC <0.70).People with asthma, cancer, autoimmune diseases, or recent infections were excluded.ELISA, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent test, was employed to measure blood TNF- levels.The patients were categorized using GOLD stages I through IV.TNF- levels were compared between phases, and their relationships with spirometric parameters were investigated using appropriate statistical methods.Results: A total of 95.33% of the participants were men, and their average age was 52.687.52 years.There was a statistically significant tendency (p=0.035) of rising TNF- levels in Stage I (27.538.06pg/ml), Stage II (29.868.25 pg/ml), Stage III (31.118.26pg/ml), and Stage IV (33.108.78pg/ml) as the disease severity rose.Conclusion: Elevated systemic inflammation is indicated by serum TNF- levels, which positively correlate with the severity of COPD.TNF- may be a useful biomarker for monitoring the disease and assessing risk in COPD.