Association of Cognitive Impairment with Clinical Variables in Migraine Patients

Background: This study explores the relationship between migraine and cognitive impairment, aiming to recognize deficits during ictal and interictal phases.This study examines how migraine frequency and severity affect understanding and evaluates the competence of present treatments in reducing these impairments.Understanding these relations may help improve management approaches and improve the quality of life for migraine sufferers.This study aims to measure the prevalence of cognitive impairment in migraine patients and discover its association with clinical variables, including migraine severity, duration, psychological factors, and treatment outcomes.Methods: This cross-sectional observational study included 100 migraine patients aged 18 to 60 years, diagnosed per ICHD-3 criteria.Participants underwent assessments using MoCA, MIDAS, and HADS scales, alongside serum vitamin B12 and TSH testing.Cognitive impairment was defined as a MoCA score <26.Data were analysed using SPSS v26 with appropriate statistical tests; p<0.05 was considered significant.Results: Out of 97 migraine patients assessed, 19.6% showed cognitive impairment (MoCA<26).Females predominated (89.7%), and photophobia/phonophobia was universal (p<0.001).While 81.4% had low vitamin B12, no significant association was found with cognition (p=0.72).Cognitive status did not significantly correlate with gender, headache duration, migraine severity (MIDAS), depression, anxiety, or vitamin B12 levels (p>0.05).However, 66% showed cognitive improvement after 3 months of treatment (p=0.002),suggesting potential reversibility. Conclusion:Cognitive impairment was present in 19.6% of migraine patients, with no significant correlation to clinical variables.Effective treatment improved cognition, highlighting the need for holistic migraine management.