Trait Mindfulness Moderates the Effect of Loneliness on Depressive State: A Comparative Study of Older and Younger Adults

Background: This study analyses the effect on depression of the subjective perception of loneliness in groups of younger (<55 years) and older (≥55 years) adults, and the moderating role of trait mindfulness or mindfulness skill. Methods: A cross-sectional study is carried out in the general population with a sample of 647 people, divided into two groups according to age: younger than 55 years (323 subjects) and 55 years and older (324 subjects). The differences between these two age groups are explored. Results: The results reveal no significant differences in the perception of subjective loneliness according to age; significant differences were found in depressive symptoms, however, with higher rates among the younger age group. Differences are also observed in terms of trait mindfulness: in the older group this skill is more developed. Conclusions: Trait mindfulness does not moderate between the variables but can serve as a predictor for depression.