The phenological variability of the main selection-valuable quantitative traits in F1 tomato hybrids

The article presents the results of a comprehensive study of heterotic F1 tomato hybrids (10 combinations) obtained from crossing specially created breeding lines with different combinations of mutant marker genes. Differences between F1 hybrids in the degree of variability of the main economically valuable quantitative traits depending on the genotypic features of parental forms and growing conditions of plants were shown. Early maturing, highly productive F1 hybrids (4 combinations) with optimal ratio of the elements of plant morphological structures and with high total and marketable yield, simultaneously combining resistance to high- and low temperature stress factors and stable manifestation of all studied traits were selected. The ambiguous influence of mutant marker genes on the manifestation and degree of variability of traits is shown: a) positive, on the change of plant structural elements (length of internodes, limited formation of lateral shoots and dense placement of inflorescences); b) negative, on the nature of manifestation of reproductive system traits (pollen quality and its functionality, fruit traits).