Real-Time Processing System of Vineyard Environmental Monitoring Data Based on FPGA

This paper introduces a real-time processing system of vineyard environmental monitoring data based on field programmable gate array (FPGA), aiming at improving the modernization level of vineyard management. The system collects the environmental parameters of vineyards in real time, such as temperature, humidity, illumination and CO2 concentration, and makes use of the high parallel processing ability of FPGA and flexible hardware programmability to realize fast and accurate data collection and processing. The system architecture includes FPGA core processing unit, sensor array, communication interface, power management module and upper computer monitoring platform. Artix-7 series FPGA chips from Xilinx company are selected for hardware design, and the sensor interface circuit is customized for different sensors to ensure accurate signal transmission. The software design is modular and hierarchical, including five modules: sensor control, environmental data storage, data processing algorithm, communication interface control and main control. The system test results show that the system meets the design requirements in terms of data acquisition accuracy, real-time processing efficiency and system stability, and can effectively support agricultural management decisions such as precise irrigation and pest control in vineyards, providing an efficient environmental monitoring solution for modern agriculture.