The Role of Ai in Analysing Formal Transformations in Modern and Postmodern Arts

This paper investigates the function of artificial intelligence (AI) in the interpretation of formal transformations in modern and postmodern art. In formal analysis of art traditional methods to analyze works rely on subjective interpretation, which tends to miss subtle variations in form. To this end, the study advocates for employing AI models, namely, Vision Transformer models (ViT), to methodically monitor alterations in formal factors, including color schemes, textures, shapes, and compositional complexity over a given time span. The output presented is a measure of the internal aesthetic evolution of art movements in the modern and postmodern period, with the new AI system trained on a diverse database of paintings, drawings, and hybrid art forms. The Findings cull major changes in color use and composition and suggest increasingly progressive postmodern imagery as compared to modernist tropes. This paper shows how AI can be a useful assistant for art historians and researchers, providing new formal and quantitative approaches to data. The next steps are to improve and change the models for higher precision and to look for other formal elements that shape art evolution.