Utility of Endoscopic Ultrasound in Identification of Rectal and Perirectal Diseases.

Background: Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) is a new favourable way for evaluation of gastrointestinal (GI) lesions due to its remarkable capacity to differentiate between different layers of the GI wall. EUS is considered a powerful diagnostic instrument due to the proliferation of image enhancement techniques and the ease of tissue sampling. Aim: This study aims to evaluate role of EUS in clarification of the nature of rectal and perirectal lesions including polyps, submucosal lesions. Methodologies: The EUS procedure was performed on 25 adult patients in this study. Prior to EUS, patients were required to fast at least eight hours. The preparation was conducted through repeated enemas and polyethylene glycol. The patient’s coagulation profile was evaluated. For sedation, propofol is the drug of choice. All patients were given one intravenous injection of third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic before the endoscopic ultrasound-fine needle biopsy (EUS-FNB). The standard position for anorectal EUS is on the left side of the patient. Additionally, prone positioning may be used as needed. Digital examination is mandatory prior to the implantation of an endoscope. The rectosigmoid junction is the point at which the echoscope is introduced until it is 20 cm from the anal verge. Result: validity of EUS was 100% for diagnosis of both benign and malignant lesions in the studied patients. Conclusion: EUS considered valid diagnostic method for identification of rectal and peri-rectal diseases, superior to imaging and colonoscopy.