Evaluation of Leptin hormone and magnesium levels in recently diagnosed migraine patients

Background: Migraine episodes are associated with multiple severe debilitating headaches. Several factors and triggers determine migraine pathogenesis. Adipocytokines and magnesium are substantially involved in migraine pathogenesis. Objectives: Assessment of leptin and magnesium levels in patients recently diagnosed with migraine. Subjects and methods: It was done at period from January 2023 to May 2024 at Zagazig University Hospitals, Egypt; 63 recently diagnosed patients with migraine were presented within this case - control study, the level of leptin was measured and magnesium and compared the results with 66 healthy individuals who did not have any headache, renal, or gastrointestinal disorders, and no intake of magnesium tablets nor medications interfering with leptin metabolism. Results: Recently diagnosed migraine patients had leptin levels significantly less than the control individuals (39.8 ± 20.7, 48.9 ± 23.6; P < .05). The average magnesium levels were 0.8±0.3 in Migrainers, whereas controls showed higher levels 1.9±0.2 (average normal value: 1.8 – 2.3 mg/dl) (p<.001). Conclusions: Recently Migrainers had lower leptin hormone values in between migraine episodes than that of healthy individuals. The magnesium measurements were lower significantly in migrainers than in healthy subjects, and this indicated that deficiency of magnesium involved in migraine pathophysiology and episodes.