Enhancing the Efficiency of Perovskite Solar Cells using Tin-Based Materials

The SCAPS-1D simulation tool is used in this study to look into how to make tin-based perovskite solar cells (PSCs) work better. We modelled and examined three device topologies with distinct hole transport layers: CuO, Spiro-OMeTAD, and CuO. The Au/ CuO/ CH<inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">₃</inf>NH<inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">₃</inf>SnI<inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">₃</inf>/ ZnO / ZnO: Al structure had the good power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 27.07% among them because of its improved charge transport and open-circuit voltage. A study that looked at how different absorber , electron transport layer (ETL) & hole transport-layer (HTL) thicknesses affected device performance also showed how crucial layer tuning is for improving photovoltaic characteristics and reducing recombination losses. These results provide credence to the possibility of environmentally benign materials and lead-free perovskites for next-generation solar technology.