Enhanced mixing efficiency via strategic parameter selection in diamond-shaped electroosmotic micromixers

This study presents a comprehensive investigation into an alternating current (AC) electroosmotic micromixer incorporating a diamond-shaped mixing microchamber. Through systematic numerical simulations, we analyzed the influence of chamber side length (4W–8W), inlet velocity (50–500), AC voltage amplitude (100–500), and frequency (2–18) on mixing efficiency. The results reveal that a smaller chamber side length 4W (20 µm) provides superior mixing performance due to intensified electroosmotic forces. An optimal inlet velocity range (100–200) effectively balances fluid inertia and electroosmotic force, while a voltage amplitude of 300–500 and frequency of 10–12 yield stable, high-efficiency mixing. The micromixer achieved a maximum mixing efficiency of 99.09% under optimal conditions (side length = 4W, inlet velocity = 150, voltage = 500, frequency = 2). This novel diamond geometry provides enhanced interface stretching compared to conventional designs, with the linear walls facilitating effective electrode placement and simplified fabrication. The findings provide valuable insights for developing high-performance microfluidic mixing devices applicable in chemical analysis, biomedical diagnostics, and lab-on-chip technologies.