Role of multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) in evaluation of congenital renal anomalies.

Objective: To evaluate the role of Multidetector Computed Tomography (MDCT) in the detailed assessment, characterization, and classification of congenital renal anomalies along with associated complications. Study Design: Cross-sectional Descriptive study. Setting: Department of Radiology in the Institute of Urology and Transplantation (IUTR), Rawalpindi. Period: September 2023 to February 2024. Methods: A cohort of 38 patients aged 8 to 77 years was examined to investigate a spectrum of renal abnormalities. The diagnostic protocol comprised a comprehensive quad-phase examination using a state-of-the-art multi-detector-row CT scanner. The acquired images underwent meticulous evaluation by two experienced radiologists. Results: The mean age of the participants was 41.1 years. Among the 38 suspected cases, 24 exhibited normal kidney anatomy, while congenital renal anomalies were identified in 14 patients. Migration and fusion anomalies were observed in 5 patients, including 2 with crossed fused ectopia and 3 with horseshoe kidneys. Ectopic pelvic kidneys were diagnosed in 3 patients. Additionally, 2 patients presented with a duplex collecting system, one accompanied by a bifid ureter. Unilateral renal agenesis was found in 3 patients, with one female patient having a coexisting Mullerian duct anomaly. Conclusion: Multidetector CT (MDCT) emerges as a crucial diagnostic tool for congenital renal anomalies, offering insights into fusion, shape, and position abnormalities.