The Role of TP53 Mutations in Lung Cancer: Molecular Mechanisms, Therapeutic Implications and Future Directions

Lung cancer is the most common in the world with multifaceted and diverse molecular etiology. Lung cancer initiation, progression and metastasis are orchestrated by a network of enzymes and proteins. They include TP53, KRAS, EGFR and ALK, which are expressed and mutated at abnormally high levels. These molecules control signaling in various cellular pathways including growth, survival, differentiation and invasion. This review focuses on the malignantly regulated TP53, which is commonly and mutated most frequently in non-small cell lung cancer Overall, we also highlighted the role of TP53 in lung cancer development, the existing therapeutic approaches against TP53 and its relation about the efficacy and adverse events such as resistance and side effects and the next steps to achieve better outcomes in TP53 -positive lung cancer patients.