Portable mini antenna for detecting and distinguishing between types of hemorrhagic stroke

Stroke is a major cause of disability and death worldwide, and it constitutes a considerable burden on global health. Thus, prompt detection of strokes reduces the possible risk of death. In this work, an antenna in the form of a Moroccan decoration was proposed for early detection of hemorrhagic stroke. This includes testing the five main types of hemorrhagic stroke, which are subdural, epidural, subarachnoid, intracerebral, and intraventricular, and this method provides the possibility of distinguishing between them, thus reducing the rate of death and disability by a large percentage. The proposed antenna is characterized by its small size with dimensions of 30×35×0.62 mm3, a resonance frequency of 2.806 GHz, a 3.196 GHz bandwidth, and a 2.8 dB gain. The simulation results of the proposed antenna show high efficiency in detecting and distinguishing hemorrhagic strokes, as indicated by clear changes in resonance frequency and return losses S11 caused by brain percentage change due to hemorrhagic stroke.