Investigation of turning force and vibration characteristics modeling and experiment of two degree-of-freedom system

The cutting force governs cutting tool life, and machining accuracy in metal cutting. A modify model of dynamic cutting forces was developed by analytical methods considering the influence of cutting tool and workpiece shear angle, workpiece cutting thickness, cutting speed and other factors in the process of metal cutting. The results show that the shear angle has a great influence on the cutting force. The cutting speed has little effect on the cutting force. The validity of the model established is verified by experimental methods. The experimental results are consistent with the modeling under certain conditions, and the calculation error value is within 20%. Through the FFT and CPS analysis of the tool vibration during the cutting process, it is shown that the cutting vibration frequency of the tool holder is 2580 Hz, and the vibration in the y direction is significantly greater than that in the x direction. With the increase of cutting amount, the vibration amplitude of the cutting tool is prominent. The vibration frequency is between 600 and 1700 Hz. The vibration peak of the cutting tool also increases with the increase of the cutting amount, and the spectrum width of the vibration also increases.