The Potential of Lipid Nanoparticles in Migraine Management

Abstract: Migraine is a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent headaches often accompanied by sensitivity to light and sound, nausea, and vomiting. Current oral medications frequently demonstrate limited efficacy and potential side effects. Consequently, researchers are investigating alternative drug delivery systems, such as Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLN) and Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLC), for enhanced migraine treatment. These lipid-based nanoparticles encapsulate drugs, offering advantages including improved solubility and stability, reduced side effects, and targeted delivery. Intranasal administration of these nanoparticles enables drugs to bypass the gastrointestinal tract, thereby facilitating faster access to the brain. This review explores the pathophysiology of migraine and provides an overview of SLN and NLC technology, including preparation methods and benefits. Furthermore, it examines current preclinical and clinical research on the application of these nanoparticles for migraine treatment, culminating in a discussion of their potential as effective therapeutic options.