Tai Chi and Qigong for Cancer Patients: Historical Evolution and Evidence-Based Outcomes in Oncology Care

Tai Chi and Qigong, rooted in centuries-old Chinese traditions, are increasingly recognized for their therapeutic roles in cancer care. This article traces Tai Chi’s origins to Ming Dynasty martial arts and Qigong’s ancient practices from texts like the Huangdi Neijing, highlighting their evolution into health-focused exercises. Generally, these practices enhance balance, cardiovascular health, and psychological well-being, reducing stress and inflammation. Focusing on cancer patients, we review 14 studies, including RCTs, meta-analyses, and observational trials, targeting breast, lung, colorectal, and nasopharyngeal cancers. Findings show that Tai Chi and Baduanjin Qigong reduce cancer-related fatigue, improve quality of life, enhance cognitive function, and alleviate sleep and psychological issues, with benefits in physical activity, posture, and balance. Notably, interventions like Guolin-Qigong and mindfulness-based Tai Chi show promise in addressing treatment side effects and frailty in survivors. Limitations include small sample sizes and protocol variability, necessitating further rigorous research. These mind-body practices offer safe, integrative options for improving cancer patient outcomes.