GIS-based analysis of the distribution and impact of housing estates in Kaduna metropolis for sustainable urban development

Provision of housing to cater for the increasing population remains one of the problems faced by governments and other stakeholders. This study applies geospatial technologies to analyze location of housing estates in Kaduna metropolis. Spatial and attribute data of the housing estates were collected and analyzed using ArcGIS 10.8 software. Findings revealed that most of the estates were located at Unguwan Rimi district of Kaduna North LGA which were 13, representing 28% of the total. This was closely followed by Millennium city in Chikun LGA located in the eastern axis of the metropolis with 11, representing 24% and then Barnawa in Kaduna South LGA with 11 housing estate, representing 24% also. Part of Igabi LGA in Kaduna metropolis do not have any estate. The estates were found to be clustered and randomly distributed with a nearest neighborhood ratio of 0.898467, a z-score of -1.331640, a p-value of 0.182978 and an observed mean distance of 835.9575. It was concluded that housing estates in Kaduna metropolis were both clustered and random. It was recommended among other recommendations that private developers that need government support should be given incentives for more investments towards construction of housing estates in order to bridge housing deficits.