Investigating anemia in T2DM patients: Prevalence, risks, and clinical implications

This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the prevalence of anemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients and its associated risks. Conducted at SVS Medical College and Hospital, Mahbubnagar, over six months, the study enrolled 210 patients, categorized into two groups: those with T2DM alone and those with T2DM and anemia. Data collection included demographic details, clinical parameters such as HbA1c and renal function, and Framingham risk scores. Results revealed that 66.67% of T2DM patients were anemic, with moderate anemia being the most prevalent type (89%). The study identified a significant association between anemia and increased risks of cardiovascular complications, neuropathy, nephropathy, and retinopathy. Furthermore, Framingham risk scores indicated a higher prevalence of severe cardiovascular risks in anemic patients (77%) compared to non-anemic individuals. Rural residence (51%) and female gender (53%) were associated with higher anemia prevalence. The study concluded that anemia exacerbates the complications of T2DM and highlights the need for early detection and management to improve patient outcomes. Statistical significance was tested at P < 0.05, and findings suggest targeted interventions to mitigate risks.