CHIME/Fast Radio Burst/Pulsar Discovery of a Nearby Long-period Radio Transient with a Timing Glitch

Abstract We present the discovery of a 421 s long period transient using the CHIME telescope, CHIME J0630+25. The source is localized to R.A. = 06:30:38.4 <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mo>±</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:mo accent="false">′</mml:mo> </mml:math> decl. = 25:26:23 <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mo>±</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:mo accent="false">′</mml:mo> </mml:math> using voltage data acquired with the CHIME baseband system. A timing analysis shows that a model including a glitch is preferred over a nonglitch model with dF / F = 1.3 × 10 −6 , consistent with other glitching neutron stars. The timing model suggests a surface magnetic field of ∼1.5 × 10 15 G and a characteristic age of ∼1.28 × 10 6 yr. A separate line of evidence to support a strong local magnetic field is an abnormally high rotation measure of RM = −347.8(6) rad m −2 relative to CHIME J0630+25’s modest dispersion measure of 22(1) pc cm −2 , implying a dense local magneto-ionic structure. As a result, we believe that CHIME J0630+25 is a magnetized, slowly spinning, isolated neutron star. This marks CHIME J0630+25 as the longest period neutron star and the second-longest period neutron star with an inferred magnetar-like field. Based on dispersion measure models and comparison with pulsars with distance measurements, CHIME J0630+25 is located at a nearby distance of 170 <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mrow/> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>100</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mn>310</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msubsup> </mml:math> pc (95.4%), making it an ideal candidate for follow-up studies.

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Publication Details

Journal
The Astrophysical Journal Letters
Published
2025-09-04
DOI
https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/adfa8e
Citations
13
Primary Topic
Pulsars and Gravitational Waves Research
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
15.01

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article

CHIME/Fast Radio Burst/Pulsar Discovery of a Nearby Long-period Radio Transient with a Timing Glitch

Paul Scholz, Kiyoshi W. Masui, Bradley W. Meyers, James W. McKee et al.
13 citations
The Astrophysical Journal Letters
Pulsars and Gravitational Waves Research
15.01
article

CHIME/Fast Radio Burst/Pulsar Discovery of a Nearby Long-period Radio Transient with a Timing Glitch

Paul Scholz, Kiyoshi W. Masui, Bradley W. Meyers, James W. McKee, Kaitlyn Shin, S. M. Ransom, Robert Main, B. M. Gaensler, Charanjot Brar, V. M. Kaspi, Ingrid H. Stairs, Amanda M. Cook, Shami Chatterjee, Alice P. Curtin, Chia Min Tan, T. E. Clarke, Jason W. T. Hessels, Ryan Mckinven, Kendrick M. Smith, Kevin B. Burdge, Mattias Lazda, Aaron B. Pearlman, Emmanuel Fonseca, Fengqiu Adam Dong, Ajay Kumar
article en
13 citations

Abstract

Abstract We present the discovery of a 421 s long period transient using the CHIME telescope, CHIME J0630+25. The source is localized to R.A. = 06:30:38.4 <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mo>±</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:mo accent="false">′</mml:mo> </mml:math> decl. = 25:26:23 <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mo>±</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:mo accent="false">′</mml:mo> </mml:math> using voltage data acquired with the CHIME baseband system. A timing analysis shows that a model including a glitch is preferred over a nonglitch model with dF / F = 1.3 × 10 −6 , consistent with other glitching neutron stars. The timing model suggests a surface magnetic field of ∼1.5 × 10 15 G and a characteristic age of ∼1.28 × 10 6 yr. A separate line of evidence to support a strong local magnetic field is an abnormally high rotation measure of RM = −347.8(6) rad m −2 relative to CHIME J0630+25’s modest dispersion measure of 22(1) pc cm −2 , implying a dense local magneto-ionic structure. As a result, we believe that CHIME J0630+25 is a magnetized, slowly spinning, isolated neutron star. This marks CHIME J0630+25 as the longest period neutron star and the second-longest period neutron star with an inferred magnetar-like field. Based on dispersion measure models and comparison with pulsars with distance measurements, CHIME J0630+25 is located at a nearby distance of 170 <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mrow/> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>100</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mn>310</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msubsup> </mml:math> pc (95.4%), making it an ideal candidate for follow-up studies.

The Astrophysical Journal LettersVol. 990(2)
West Virginia University (US), United States Naval Research Laboratory (US), University of British Columbia (CA), National Centre for Radio Astrophysics (IN), Union College (US), Perimeter Institute (CA), University of California, Santa Cruz (US), University of Toronto (CA), York University (CA), Curtin University (AU), Cornell University (US), National Radio Astronomy Observatory (US), TD Bank (US), Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics (CA), International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research (AU), McGill University (CA), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (US), University of Amsterdam (NL), Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy (NL)
National Science Foundation, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, McGill University, National Radio Astronomy Observatory, Canada Foundation for Innovation, Canada Research Chairs, University of Toronto, Alliance de recherche numérique du Canada, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, McGill Space Institute, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies, Office of Naval Research, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology
Openalex Percentile: Top 1%
Pulsars and Gravitational Waves Research
15.01
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