Progress toward elimination mother-to-child transmission of HBV in Shandong Province, China: Coverage trend in hepatitis B vaccination and HBIG administration, 2017–2024

To evaluate progress toward MTCT elimination of HBV, we analyzed 8-y trends in hepatitis B vaccine (HepB) and hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) administration coverage rates in Shandong province, focusing on high-risk populations. Data were collected from a provincial system, Shandong Vaccination Information System. Information of maternal HBsAg+ neonates born in 2017-2024 were extracted. Administration coverage in four groups (A: general newborn, B: maternal HBsAg+ neonates, C: preterm neonates with HBsAg+ mother, and D: birthweight <2000 g (LBW2000) neonates with HBsAg+ mother) were calculated. Joinpoint models were used to analyze changing trends over time, calculating annual percentage change (APC). From 2017 to 2024, the maternal HBsAg+ rate dropped from 2.85% to 2.10% (APC = -0.10, <i>P</i> < .001), with an accelerating rate of decrease after 2021. Timely HepB birth dose (HepB-BD) vaccination coverage rose annually, reaching 94.42% in Group C (APC = 4.92, <i>P</i> = .001) and 86.26% in Group D (APC = 5.86, <i>P</i> < .001). Timely HBIG administration coverage increased significantly before 2021, achieving high levels by 2024 except in Group D (93.96%). The 4th dose of HepB (HepB4) vaccination coverage in Group D showed a nonsignificant increase (56.51% to 72.93%), with median administration time decreasing from 13.24 to 8.59 months. MTCT Elimination of HBV has improved substantially. However, LBW2000 neonates born to HBsAg+ mothers require focused attention, particularly regarding administration coverage of timely HBIG and HepB4. Enhanced health education for parents and additional clinical training for healthcare providers are needed to improve intervention coverage.