Progesterone for Traumatic Brain Injury, Experimental Clinical Treatment III Trial Revisited: Objective Classification of Traumatic Brain Injury With Brain Imaging Segmentation and Biomarker Levels

This study reaffirms elevated levels of GFAP and UCH-L1 as biomarkers for detecting TBI in patients with brain lesions and for predicting clinical outcomes. Despite improved classification using CT-imaging segmentation and serum biomarkers, we did not identify a subset of progesterone responders within 24 or 48 hours of progesterone treatment. More rigorous and quantifiable measures for classifying the nature of injury may be needed to enable development of therapeutics as neither serum markers nor algorithmic CT analysis performed better than the older metrics of Rotterdam or GCS metrics.