CFD Calculations of Fluid-Structure Interaction at Time-Varying Velocities for Blunt-Bi-Conic Vehicles Based on Von Karmen Curves

Under conditions of time-varying velocities, a dynamically changing complex turbulence field is generated around the hypersonic vehicle, which interacts with the coupled optical dome, resulting in aero-optical thermal effects that significantly impact the vehicle's guidance accuracy. In light of hypersonic vehicles characterized by multi-physical field coupling, this paper proposes an optimization design method for a blunt-bi-conic vehicle fairing based on the von Karman curve. The Animated Oat Optimization Algorithm is employed to establish a multi-objective optimization model for the blunt-biconic vehicle, incorporating the blunt-end radius as a penalty term. This approach aims to achieve a synergistic design that balances aerodynamic shape with process feasibility. Utilizing an air-to-air missile as the research context, a three-dimensional model of the blunt-bi-conic vehicle is constructed to perform non-stationary fluid-structure interaction computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. The flight velocity over a duration of 15 seconds is discretized to investigate the distinct dynamic evolution characteristics of the fluid and structure domains under varying exposure times. This study provides a theoretical foundation for multi-field coupling CFD simulations and the optimization design of vehicle shapes for hypersonic vehicles under time-varying conditions.