Real-Time Digital Simulation of DFIG Wind Farm Primary Frequency Control via Droop and Virtual Inertia Control

Increasing penetration of renewable energy has led to reduced system inertia and increased challenges in maintaining frequency stability. In this paper, a detailed DFIG-based wind turbine model has been developed and integrated into a modified IEEE 9-bus system within the RSCAD/RTDS, which comprises aerodynamic model, drive train, and converters. The control strategies combine maximum power point tracking (MPPT) with primary frequency support through droop and virtual inertia control. In the case study, a 300 MW wind farm operates with three 100 MW synchronous generators in the IEEE 9-bus system. The simulation scenario is set as a sudden 50 MW load increase. Two cases are considered here: one without wind farm participation in frequency regulation and one with both droop and virtual inertia support enabled. RTDS simulation results demonstrate that allowing the wind farm to provide primary frequency control significantly reduces the frequency nadir and accelerates frequency recovery.