Exploring the Capabilities of GFM Inverter to Improve LFC Performance

With the growing integration of renewable energy sources (RES), future grids are expected to have reduced inertia and limited online frequency regulation capabilities, thereby posing a threat to the system’s stability. As the integration of RES is typically facilitated through inverters, these voltage source inverters can be strategically controlled to enhance the system’s frequency response performance. Thus, grid-forming (GFM) inverters with droop control capabilities can effectively address grid contingencies and help balance load-generation mismatches. In this context, the paper examines how GFM resources can contribute to frequency regulation and bolster the dynamic stability of interconnected power systems. For simulative analysis, a two-area interconnected power system incorporating GFM resources via a primary frequency control loop is developed. The analysis demonstrates that the involvement of GFM resources in the frequency regulation process significantly enhances dynamic performance and effectively suppresses peak deviations.