Research on Fault Location Method for Catenary Lines Based on Transient Traveling Wave Signals

Catenary lines play a vital role in power systems. With the rapid development of high-speed railways and rail transit, faults in catenary lines have gradually become key factors affecting system safety and reliability. Traditional fault location methods, such as current-based and short-circuit detection, are often limited by the complexity of fault modes and signal interference, leading to low location accuracy and response delays. In recent years, fault location methods based on transient traveling wave signals have attracted widespread attention due to their higher location accuracy and real-time performance. Transient traveling wave signals capture the instantaneous electromagnetic waves generated during fault events, providing an effective means for detecting catenary line faults. This paper analyzes the characteristics of transient traveling wave signals and proposes a fault location method based on traveling wave signals for catenary lines, validated with experimental data. The research findings show that traveling wave signals can accurately locate fault points under various fault modes, with high reliability and practicality. The innovation of this research lies in the proposal of an optimized location algorithm for catenary lines, providing theoretical support and practical guidance for fault detection and system maintenance in related fields.